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Martin Woesler
Martin Woesler (born 29 September 1969 in Münster, West Germany) is a German sinologist, cultural scientist and translator of Chinese literature.
== Sinologist, translator of Chinese literature ==
Woesler translated works from the Chinese authors Lǔ Xùn 鲁迅, Zhōu Zuòrén 周作人, Xǔ Dìshān 许地山, Yù Dáfū 郁达夫, Zhū Zìqīng 朱自清, Bīng Xīn 冰心, Bā Jīn 巴金, Qián Zhōngshū 钱锺书, Wáng Měng 王蒙, Zhāng Jié 张洁, Liú Zàifù 刘再复, Jiǎ Píngwā 贾平凹, and Hán Hán 韩寒 into English and German as well as of Cáo Xuěqín 曹雪芹 into German. Together with Rainer Schwarz he published the first complete translation of the Chinese novel The Dream of the Red Chamber into German. Woesler made available a lot of Chinese literature for the first time in a Western language.
In China, Woesler documented a critical campaign against the liberal Minister of Culture Wáng Měng 王蒙 and proofed, that this campaign only pretended to be motivated by interest in literature, but actually was motivated by politics (''Political literature in China 1991-1992'', 1994). He turned the until then neglected genre of the Chinese essay into a modern tool to express the upcoming individualism in China before the eyes of the European and American China Studies (''History of the Chinese essay'', 3 vols., 1998). These short first-person narratives, which mostly appeared in newspapers between the May-4th-movement 1919 and the beginning of the 1930s, were a new form for the awaking civil society to express its views and feelings. From the 1930s until around 1979, the essay faced an ideological instrumentalization at the expense of its literary quality. Woesler drew attention to the essayistic work of Zhōu Zuòrén, the younger brother of Lu Xun, who was ostracized due to his positive attitude towards Japan and his independence from daily politics and propaganda. Woesler's re-evaluation of Zhou's work were confirmed by different scholars outside mainland China. In fact, Zhou's writing of intentionally unpolitical literature in a time when literature was instrumenalized, was a political statement by itself. Woeslers work in the tensional field between politics and literature stimulated further books on Zhou, mostly from North American sinologists, supporting the necessity to re-evaluate Zhou.
Since the 1980s, China sees the upcoming of a critical public again. Woesler sees here a parallel between the role of the internet since the 1990s and the newspapers between the 1910s and 1930s. In his books (''China's digital dream'' 2002, and others), together with Chinese scholars, he came to the conclusion, that the internet in China has a more liberalizing impact on society than it has in more liberal countries.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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